Horses are kept for riding, breeding and racing. They are an expensive investment for their owners, who usually wish to provide proper housing and a good environment for their animals. That includes keeping flies to an absolute minimum.
Housing facilities for horses are dispersed and often have small capacity.
Housing basically consists of:
1. Tie stalls
2. Box stalls
or
3. Free choice open sheds.
Usually the system is too small to allow sophisticated cleaning and manure handling systems.
Large amounts of bedding are used. In tie and box stalls, flooring is packed clay, wood over concrete, or concrete (although concrete's hard surface makes it undesirable).
Stalls have stout partitions reaching to the floor to prevent accidental foot injury.
Other livestock, such as sheep and goats, present similar fly control problems, because housing is similar to that for horses (but usually cleaned much less often).
Sheep and goats are usually housed in open free choice sheds or indoor pens. Ample bedding, spilled feed and water, and accumulated urine and feces provides suitable media for fly production.
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